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聚氨酯催化劑 ,延遲胺催化劑,有機錫催化劑,硬泡催化劑,環(huán)保催化劑,亨斯邁催化劑 ,PU軟泡胺催化劑 ,有機鉍催化劑,低氣味催化劑,金屬催化劑
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聚氨酯催化劑在幾種典型聚氨酯軟泡中的具體應用
發(fā)布日期::2016-07-04 11:06:35

1、塊狀聚醚型PU軟泡典型配方與性能

聚醚三元醇                     100pbw

TDI80/20                        46.0pbw

有機錫催化劑                   0.4pbw

叔胺催化劑                     0.2pbw

有機硅泡沫穩(wěn)定劑               1.0pbw

水                             3.6pbw

助發(fā)泡劑                       0~12pbw

 

性能:

泡沫密度,kg/m3                22.4

抗伸強度,kpa                  96.3

伸長率,%                     220

撕裂強度,N/m                 385

壓縮變定, 50%                 6

90%                 6

成穴負荷,kg

(38cm×35.6cm×10cm)

變形 25%                      13.6

65%                      25.6

落球回彈,%                   38

 

近幾年,一些企業(yè)為了滿足市場的需要,往往生產起低密度(10kg/m3)左右的泡沫,在生產超低密度軟泡時,并不是單純增加發(fā)泡劑及助發(fā)泡劑就可以做到的,還必須有相對高穩(wěn)定性硅表面活性劑及催化劑配合。

 

生產低密度超低密度軟泡參考配方:

 

名稱 中密度 低密度 超低密度
連續(xù) 箱式 連續(xù) 箱式 箱式
聚醚多元醇 100 100 100 100 100
3.0 3.0 4.5 5.5 6.6
A-33催化劑 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.25 0.18
硅表面活性劑B-8110 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.9 3.8
辛酸亞錫 0.25 0.28 0.35 0.36 0.40
助發(fā)泡劑 7.5 7.5 12.5 15.0 34.0
TDI80/20 41.4 44.0 56.0 73.0 103.0
密度,kg/m3 23.0 23.0 16.5 14.0 8.0

 

圓柱泡沫配方:

EO/PO型聚醚多元醇(OH:56)          100pbw

水                                   6.43pbw

MC發(fā)泡劑                            52.5pbw

硅表面活性劑L-628                    6.50pbw

催化劑A230                          0.44pbw

辛酸亞錫 D19                         0.85pbw

TDI80/20  指數(shù)                        0.99

用量                                 139pbw

泡沫密度,kg/m3                        7.5

 

2、液態(tài)CO2助發(fā)泡劑制低密度泡沫

聚醚三元醇(Mn3000)                  100              100

水                                     4.9               5.2

液態(tài)CO2                               2.5               3.3

硅表面活性劑   L631                    1.5              1.75

B8404

胺系催化劑A133                        0.28             0.30

辛酸亞錫                               0.14             0.17

阻燃劑DE60F                            0               14

TDI80/20 指數(shù)                          110              112

泡沫密度,kg/m3                         16               16

 

典型機發(fā)配方如下:

聚醚三元醇(Mn3000)                       100pbw

水                                          4.0pbw

LCO2                                        4.0~5.5pbw

催化劑A33                                  0.25pbw

硅表面活性劑SC155                          1.35pbw

辛酸亞錫  D19                               0.20pbw

TDI80/20指數(shù)                                110

泡沫密度,kg/m3                             14.0~16.5

 

3、全MDI低密度聚氨酯軟泡

軟質PU模塑泡沫廣泛應用于汽車座墊的生產。降密度而不影響物性是開發(fā)的目標。

配方:

高活性聚醚(OH:26~30mgKOH/g)              80pbw

聚合物多元醇(OH:23~27mgKOH/g)            20pbw

交聯(lián)劑                                      0~3pbw

水                                           4.0pbw

胺類催化劑A-33                              2.8pbw

硅油表面活性劑B8716                         1.0pbw

MDI指數(shù)                                     90pbw

 

性能:

泡沫中心密度                                 34.5kg/m3

硬度   ILD25%                               15.0kg/314cm2

撕裂強度                                     0.8kg/cm

抗張強度                                     1.34kg/cm2

伸長                                         120%

回彈率                                       62%

永久壓縮變定(干)                           5.0%

(濕)                           13.5%

 

4、低密度、全MDI環(huán)保型車用座墊

采用純MDI的同系物:M50——即4,4’MDI 50%  2,4’MDI 50%的產品,可以室溫發(fā)泡,提高流動性,降低制品密度,減輕車輛重量,是很具發(fā)展前景的產品:

配方:

高活性聚醚多元醇(OH:28mgKOH/g)        95pbw

310助劑*                                   5pbw

Dabco 33LV                                0.3pbw

Dabco 8154                                0.7pbw

硅表面活性劑B4113                        0.6pbw

A-1                                       0.1pbw

水                                        3.5pbw

M50                                      50pbw

異氰酸酯指數(shù)                                88

 

物性:

拉絲時間(s)                                  62

上升時間(s)                                  98

自由泡密度,kg/m3                           32.7

壓縮載荷撓曲,kpa:40%                        1.5

伸長率,%                                   180

撕裂強度,N/m                               220

注:*310助劑:我所有售,是特殊的鏈增長劑。

 

5、高回彈、乘坐舒適的PU泡沫

最近,市場需求泡沫座墊物性不變,但人們長時間坐車不疲勞、不暈車的高質量座墊 。經過研究,人體內部器官,尤其是胃臟等在6Hz左右頻率,若引起共振會引起反胃、嘔吐等現(xiàn)象。

一般高回彈泡沫在6Hz下之振動傳遞性在1.1~1.3,也就是講,當車輛運行中,不僅沒有減弱反而增加,有些配方制品可減振到0.8~0.9。現(xiàn)推薦一個產品配方,其6Hz振動傳遞性為0.5~0.55水平。

配方:

高活性聚醚多元醇(Mn6000)             100pbw

硅表面活性劑SRX-274C                   1.0pbw

叔胺催化劑,Minico L-1020                0.4pbw

叔胺催化劑,Minico TMDA               0.15pbw

水                                     3.6pbw

異氰酸酯預聚體(NCO%=29.7%)

INDEX                                    100

物理性能:

整體密度,kg/m3                          48.0

25%ILD, kg/314cm2                         19.9

回彈,%                                   74

50%壓縮強度,(干)                        1.9

(濕)                       2.5

6Hz振動傳遞性                            0.55

 

6、慢回彈或粘彈泡沫

所謂慢回彈PU泡沫是指泡沫受外力作用變形后,泡沫不是立馬恢復原形,而是緩慢恢復,且無殘面變形之泡沫。它具有優(yōu)異的緩沖、隔音、密封等性能??蓱糜谄嚢l(fā)動機的噪音防治、地毯底襯、兒童玩具及醫(yī)療用枕等。

實例配方:

高活性聚醚(OH34)                   40~60pbw

聚合物聚醚(OH28)                   60~40 pbw

交粘劑ZY-108*                                   80~100 pbw

L-580                                    1.5 pbw

催化劑                               1.8~2.5 pbw

水                                   1.6~2.2 pbw

異氰酸酯index**                         1.05 pbw

注:*ZY-108,多官能低分子量聚醚之復配物

**PM-200、液化MDI-100之摻合物,均為萬華產品

物性:

泡沫密度,kg/m3                           150~165

硬度,邵氏A                                18~15

撕裂強度,kN/m                          0.87~0.76

伸長率,%                                 90~130

回彈率,%                                    9~7

復原時間,秒                                 7~10

 

7、耐撓曲疲勞百萬次聚醚型自結皮微孔泡沫

該泡沫塑料可應用于PU鞋底及方向盤

實例:

Daltocel®F-435                           31.64 pbw

Arcol®34-28                              10.0 pbw

Daltocel®F-481                           44.72 pbw

Arcol®2580                                3.0 pbw

乙二醇                                    6.0 pbw

催化劑 Dabco  EG                         1.8 pbw

A-1                                       0.3 pbw

Dabco®1027                                0.3 pbw

硅表面活性劑 DC-193                       0.3 pbw

L1  412T                                  1.5 pbw

水                                        0.44 pbw

改性MDI

Suprasec®2433                             71 pbw

 

物性:

泡沫密度:                               0.5g∕cm3左右

β-皮帶撓曲,KCS                    35~50之間,非常好

 

8、難燃、低發(fā)煙量、高回彈泡沫

隨著國民經濟的飛速發(fā)展,各部門對泡沫制品的難燃要求越來越高,尤其是航空、轎車、高速客車、家用沙發(fā)等均要求泡沫制品難燃、低發(fā)煙量、低煙毒或無毒。

作者與同事們針對以上情況,研制出一種難燃級(氧指數(shù)28~30%),發(fā)煙密度很低(國際是74,本品只有50左右),而且泡沫回彈不變,火焰中產生白煙。

實例配方:

YB-3081難燃聚醚                           50 pbw

高活性聚醚(OH34)                        50 pbw

有機硅表活性劑B 8681                   0.8~1.0 pbw

水                                     2.4~2.6 pbw

DEOA                                    1.5~3 pbw

催化劑A-1等                            0.6~1.1 pbw

異氰酸酯指數(shù)                               1.05

 

物性:

泡沫密度,kg/m3                             ≥50

壓縮強度,kPa                                 5.5

拉伸強度,kPa                               124

回彈率,%                                  ≥60

壓縮變形,75%                              ≤8

氧指數(shù),OI%                                ≥ 28

煙密度                                      ≤50

 

9、水為發(fā)泡劑、全環(huán)保自結皮泡沫

國外已全面禁用HCFC-141b發(fā)泡劑,CP系發(fā)泡劑易燃,HFC-245fa、HFC-365mfc系發(fā)泡劑價高,難以接受,唯一出路是以水為發(fā)泡劑合成環(huán)保型自結皮泡沫。以往國內外PU工作者,只注意聚醚及異氰酸酯之改性,所以制成的泡沫表面層不清晰,密度大。

現(xiàn)推薦一組配方,其特點是:

  • 基礎聚醚多元醇不變,采用常規(guī)之Mn5000或6000。·
  • 異氰酸酯不變,可用C-MDI、PAPI或改性MDI。
  • 采用特種添加劑SH-140,即可解決。·

基礎配方:

  • 高活性聚醚三元醇Mn5000         65pbw
  • SH-140*                         35pbw
  • 鏈增長劑:1,4-丁二醇              5pbw
  • 交聯(lián)劑:甘油            7pbw
  • 開孔劑:K-6530               0.2~0.5pbw
  • 催化劑A-2                   1.2~1.3pbw
  • 色漿                              適量
  • 水                              5pbw
  • MR-200                          45pbw

注:*SH-140為本所產品。

 

物性:

泡沫整體密度              340~350kg/m3

制品:     表面光滑、結皮清晰、密度低。

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